:'(

Demi Allah. Terlalu sakit. :'(

Conclusion

Vermicomposting is an effective practice to reduce waste. Red Wriggler Haven has helped the practice grow in Manitoba. Timothy Beatley discusses the concept of zoopolois, “an understanding of cities and communities as places where animals and people can co-occupy space, can coexist” (2011). Vermicomposting is a method of zoopolis allowing human and worms to share a residence. Vermicomposting provides occupants with a meaningful experience, directly involving natural processes in the home.

References:

All Things Organic. (2010). What is vermicomposting and why do it? Retrieved March 7, 2012 from All Things Organic Website: http://www.allthingsorganic.com/How_To/01.asp

Associated Press. (2007) Waste management to tap landfill methane. Retrieved March 7, 2012 from MSNB Website: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19459535/#.T1fLG_XmWul

Beatley, T. (2011). Biophilic Cities. Washington D.C.: Island Press.

Berry, N. (2011). Why vermicompost. Retrieved March 7, 2012 from Red Wriggler Haven Website: http://www.redwrigglerhaven.com/

Hanson, D. (2010). Seed starting. Retrieved March 7, 2011 from Red Wriggler Haven Website: http://www.redwrigglerhaven.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Vermicompost-Trial_April2010.pdf

Hough, M. (2004). Cities and natural process: A basis for sustainability. New York: Routledge.

Newman, P., & Jennings, I. (2008). Cities as sustainable ecosystems. Washington D.C.: London Press.

Ndegwa, P.M., Thompson, S.A., & Das, K.C. (2000). Effects of stocking density and feeding rate on vermicomposting of biosolids. Bioresource Technocogy, 71(1), 5-12. and Practices. Island Press.

 

Conclusion

A properly designed vermicasting system will process organic waste into vermicast in 22–30 days. This process self-aerates and does not require mechanical aeration or mixing. Earthworm beddings commonly used in earthworm bins can be replaced with a screen or mesh raised bottom surface and enough finished vermicast to prevent excessive earthworm stocking density and provide proper drainage. Adequate drainage and aeration prevent odours, flies or the migration of earthworms out of the waste. Vermicasting can be done on a domestic, farm or industrial scale in waste-processing facilities and could be sited near residential areas, minimizing waste and fertilizer transportation costs. When added to plants, vermicast has been shown to improve resistance to disease, yield and protein content of plants relative to other commercial fertilizers.

8. Conclusion

An important conclusion of this project is that vermicomposting addresses the social, economic and environmental imperatives of sustainability. The social is addressed by human interaction with the biological processes found within the vermicomposter, allowing for a greater appreciation of the natural environment. It could also create a feeling of community on campus by the interaction within group information sessions and a communal feeling of environmental stewardship. Secondly, the economic aspect is addressed as vermicomposting reduces costs associated with waste removal on campus and the use of chemical fertilizers. Lastly, the imperative of environmental sustainability is addressed as it reduces the amount of organic waste going to landfills, which can cause harmful leachate contamination in water systems. As vermicomposting meets all three elements of sustainability it is important that it become recognized and promoted on campus. Through the implementation of vermicomposting in residences, such as CLT, the University of Waterloo can achieve its goal of becoming a sustainable campus.

After careful analysis of our results we have concluded that the key to making vermicomposting a success on campus is education and increased awareness of the benefits of composting. We observed that upon introduction of a vermicomposter into our households, roommates with preconceived notions about the composters soon realised that their negative concepts were incorrect and a vermicomposter is easy to live with and maintain. These notions accompanied a lack of knowledge towards vermicomposting and were easily rectified with simple education and hands on experience. Information sessions would achieve these same realisations on a greater scale throughout campus, allowing for increased awareness and vermicomposting use. These results could also be replicated through the implementation of vermicomposters in units with interested residents, such as the seven respondents of the vermicomposting survey. This would allow for first hand interaction with the vermicomposters by other residents at CLT, and the interest in vermicomposting would spread. Education and first hand contact through information sessions on campus would therefore make vermicomposting a feasible initiative in campus residences such as CLT.

Present

Ex-situ  plant
1. Effect of Soil Contamination by Cadmium on Potassium Uptake by Plants
http://www.pjoes.com/pdf/13.3/333-337.pdf

2. Reproductive studies of C57B/6 male mice treated with TCDD-contaminated soils from a 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid manufacturing site
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01056018